Ukuqala nokusebenzisa inhlangano engenzi nzuzo kungaba yinto eyanelisayo kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma umnikazi ethola ugqozi emibonweni emikhulu kanye nesifiso sokwenza umehluko. Kodwa-ke, yize umbono ungase ukhuthaze, ukuthola inhlangano engenzi nzuzo kudinga isikhathi nomzamo.
Ukuze ube ngumnikazi, kufanele uqoqe amaphepha namadokhumenti ukukhombisa ukuthi inhlangano ikhonza umphakathi futhi iyafaneleka ukuba nesimo sokungakhokhi intela. Uma usuqedile lezo zithiyo, ungangena emsebenzini wangempela—ukuqoqa imali, ukwakha iqembu, nokwenza umthelela omuhle. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungayiqalisa kanjani inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ephumelelayo ngezinyathelo eziyisishiyagalolunye ezinethonya.
Ziyini izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo, futhi ziyini izinzuzo zazo?
Inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ibhizinisi elidalelwe ukufeza injongo engaphandle kokwenza imali. Ngokomthetho, yinhlangano i-IRS eyiqaphela njengengakhokhi intela ngoba isekela injongo yomphakathi ezuzisa umphakathi. Cabanga ngezinto ezifana nokugcina umlando, ukwenza ucwaningo lwesayensi, ukuvikela izilwane, noma ukukhulisa umnotho wendawo.
Noma yimiphi imali engeniswa yizinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo iya ngqo emsebenzini wazo, hhayi abantu ngabanye noma abanikazi bamasheya. Abantu babiza nezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo ngokuthi izinkampani ezingezona ezesitoko noma izinhlangano ze-501(c)(3), kuye ngengxenye ethile yekhodi yentela ebanikeza isimo sabo sokungakhokhi intela.
Nazi izinzuzo ezimbalwa zokuqala inhlangano engenzi nzuzo:
Inhlangano ingathola isimo sokukhululwa enteleni kuhulumeni, okusho ukuthi abanikazi ngeke kudingeke bakhokhe intela kahulumeni emalini engenayo yabo.
Izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo zingafanelekela nokwehliswa kwentela yendawo kanye neyesifundazwe.
Abanikazi bezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo bangathola iminikelo evela kubantu nakwezinye izinhlangano ukusiza ekuxhaseni umsebenzi wabo.
Abanikazi bangafaka izicelo zezibonelelo ezivela ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni kanye nezinhlangano ezisekelayo, ezinganikeza ukwesekwa okwengeziwe komsebenzi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo nazo zinezinselele zazo. Abanikazi kumele basebenzele umphakathi kuphela, hhayi ukuzuzisa abanikazi bamasheya noma abantu abazimele. Izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo kumele futhi zibambe imihlangano yebhodi njalo, ziphinde zitshale noma yiziphi izinzuzo enhlanganweni, futhi zigcine amarekhodi ezezimali anemininingwane ukuze zigcine isimo sazo sokukhululwa enteleni.
Izinyathelo ezingu-9 zokusiza ukuqala inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ephumelelayo
Isinyathelo 1: Dala isisekelo esiqinile
Ngaphambi kokubhekana namaphepha nokufaka izicelo neziphathimandla zentela, kubalulekile ukucabangela umphakathi noma iqembu elizosetshenziswa yinhlangano engenzi nzuzo. Ukuhlonza isidingo esithile emphakathini nokusisekela ngedatha kuyindlela eqinile yokuqala ukwakha isisekelo senhlangano engenzi nzuzo.
Isitatimende somsebenzi esicacile, esakhiwe kahle siqhubekisela phambili inhlangano engenzi nzuzo futhi sikhuthaza abasebenzi, izisebenzi zokuzithandela, kanye nabanikeli. Uma senziwe kahle, sigcina inhlangano igxile futhi sisize ekuqondiseni izinqumo ezibalulekile endleleni. Nazi ezinye izeluleko zokubhala isitatimende somsebenzi esinamandla:
● Kugcine kucacile, kulula, futhi kulula ukukukhumbula.
● Chaza lokho okwenziwa yinhlangano engenzi nzuzo kanye nesizathu esisekelayo ngemisho eyodwa noma emibili nje.
● Khumbula, isitatimende somsebenzi singathuthuka njengoba inhlangano ikhula.
Isinyathelo 2: Yakha uhlelo lwebhizinisi oluqinile
Uhlelo lwebhizinisi olunemininingwane yenhlangano engenzi nzuzo luzosiza abanikazi baqonde ukuthi inhlangano yabo ilindele ukulethela malini nokuthi yini abangayikhokhela—njengokuqasha abasebenzi esikhundleni sokuthembela kumavolontiya noma ngisho nokuqasha umongameli noma i-CEO. Luphinde lubonise ukuthi bazodinga malini ukuze bathembele eminikelweni yokusekela imisebenzi yabo yokwenza imali.
Uhlelo lwebhizinisi oluqinile luzofaka okulandelayo:
Isifinyezo esiphezulu: Ukubuka konke okusheshayo komsebenzi wenhlangano engenzi nzuzo, isifinyezo socwaningo lwemakethe olubonisa isidingo somphakathi, kanye nendlela inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ehlela ngayo ukuhlangabezana naleso sidingo.
Izinsizakalo kanye nomthelela: Ukuzihlola ngokujulile izinhlelo, izinsizakalo, noma imikhiqizo inhlangano ezoyinikeza kanye nencazelo ecacile yemigomo yayo yokudala ushintsho oluhle.
Uhlelo lokumaketha: Isu lokusabalalisa izwi mayelana nenhlangano engenzi nzuzo kanye nezinsizakalo zayo.
Uhlelo lokusebenza: Ukuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke, okuhlanganisa nesakhiwo senhlangano kanye nalokho okuzofezwa yindima ngayinye.
Uhlelo lwezezimali: Lolu hlelo luhlola impilo yezomnotho yomnikazi, okuhlanganisa ukugeleza kwemali, isabelomali, imali engenayo, izindleko, imithombo yemali engenayo, izidingo zokuqala ibhizinisi, kanye nezindleko eziqhubekayo.
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka, hlola ukuthi ezinye izinhlangano zibhekana nezinkinga ezifanayo yini. Inhlangano engenzi nzuzo izoncintisana nabanikeli kanye nezibonelelo ezifanayo uma elinye iqembu lenza umsebenzi ofanayo. Ukuze kugwenywe lokhu, abanikazi bangasebenzisa ithuluzi lokuthola indawo le-National Council of Nonprofits ukuze babone ezinye izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo futhi baqinisekise ukuthi umsebenzi uyagqama.
Isinyathelo 3: Khetha igama elifanele
Into elandelayo abanikazi okumele bayenze ukukhetha igama elihlukile lenhlangano yabo engenzi nzuzo, okungcono kube yinto ebonisa umgomo kanye nalokho inhlangano ekwenzayo. Uma bebambeke ekutholeni igama elifanele, bangasebenzisa abakhiqizi bamagama ebhizinisi (njengemodeli ye-Shopify) ukuze bavuse imibono futhi benze izinto ezintsha zigeleze.
Isinyathelo 4: Nquma isakhiwo sebhizinisi
I-IRS iyaqaphela izinhlobo ezingaba amashumi amathathu nambili zezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo, ezihlanganisa konke kusukela ezinhlanganweni ezisiza umphakathi ezivamile kuya ezinhlanganweni zezinzuzo zabavukuzi bamalahle kanye nezikhwama zomhlalaphansi zothisha. Nazi izinhlobo ezine ezivamile zezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo:
1. 501(c)(3): Izinhlangano zesisa
Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izinhlangano ezahlukene zenkolo, zemfundo, zesisa, zesayensi, kanye nezincwadi. Sihlanganisa nezinhlangano zomphakathi ezisiza umphakathi, izinhlangano ezizimele, ngisho nezinhlangano zezemidlalo ezingebona abafundi ezihlela imincintiswano kazwelonke noma yamazwe ngamazwe.
Umthetho 501(c)(3) ungafaka nomxhasi wezezimali, osiza ekuphatheni nasekusekeleni amaphrojekthi okusiza umphakathi. Lezi zinhlangano zosizo kumele zikhonze umphakathi ngandlela thile, futhi iminikelo enikelwa kuzo idonswa intela kumnikeli.
2. 501(c)(5): Izinhlangano zabasebenzi, ezolimo, kanye nezokutshala
Izinhlangano zabasebenzi, njengezinyunyana namaqembu ezolimo, zivame ukuwela kulesi sigaba. Zigxila ekumeleleni izintshisekelo zabasebenzi kanye nokuxoxisana ngokubambisana. Kodwa-ke, iminikelo kulezi zinhlangano ayinciphisi intela.
3. 501(c)(7): Amakilabhu ezenhlalo nezokuzilibazisa
Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa amaqembu ezenhlalo nezokuzilibazisa amiselwe ukuzijabulisa nokuzilibazisa kwamalungu awo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi amaqembu asemaphandleni, amaqembu okuzilibazisa, amaqembu ezemidlalo, kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminikelo kula makilabhu ayincishiswa intela.
4. 501(c)(9): Izinhlangano ezizuzayo zabasebenzi
Lezi zinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo zinikeza izinzuzo ezifana nomshuwalense wezempilo kanye nezimpesheni. Cabanga ngezinhlangano eziphatha izinhlelo zomshuwalense wabasebenzi kanye nezinzuzo. Zihlinzeka ngomshwalense wokuphila, wokugula, kanye nowengozi kumalungu azo, ngokuvamile abasebenzi benkampani ethile noma iqembu.
Isinyathelo 5: Yakha inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ngokusemthethweni
Uma abanikazi sebethathe izinqumo ezinkulu futhi babhala amadokhumenti adingekayo, sekuyisikhathi sokufaka ngokusemthethweni inhlangano engenzi nzuzo engakhokhi intela. Nakuba isifundazwe ngasinye sinenqubo yaso, ngokuvamile, abanikazi kuzodingeka:
● Faka izindatshana zokubhaliswa kwenkampani ezifaka igama lenhlangano.
● Nikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana yamalungu ebhodi.
● Khetha isakhiwo sezomthetho (inkampani engenzi nzuzo, i-LLC, ubambiswano, njll.).
● Thumela amaphepha okubhaliswa ehhovisi likanobhala wesifundazwe.
● Qedela ukubhaliswa kokucela usizo esifundazweni sabo bese ukhokha noma yiziphi izimali.
● Faka isicelo sokukhululwa enteleni kwi-IRS.
Izinhlangano eziningi zisebenzisa i-IRS Form 1023 (ifomu elide) ukufaka isicelo sesimo sokukhululwa enteleni. Uma inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ilindele ukwenza imali engaphansi kuka-US $50,000 ngonyaka, abanikazi bangafanelekela ifomu elilula le-1023-EZ. Uma i-IRS yamukela isicelo, abanikazi bazothola incwadi yesinqumo ekhombisa isimo sabo sokukhululwa enteleni esivunyiwe.
Isinyathelo 6: Thola i-EIN bese uvula i-akhawunti yasebhange
Ukuze uthole Inombolo Yokuhlonza Umqashi (i-EIN), gcwalisa iFomu le-IRS SS-4. Abanikazi bangayithola le fomu ku-inthanethi, ngeposi, noma ngefeksi. Ngemva kwalokho, bangayithumela ku-IRS.
Okulandelayo, abanikazi bezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo bangavula i-akhawunti yasebhange. Bazodinga i-EIN yabo, igama lenhlangano, ikheli, kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana. Nanka amanye amabhange aphezulu ezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo, ngokusho kwe-NerdWallet:
● Iklabhu Yokubolekisa
● I-Bluevine
● Ibhange lase-US
● Ibhange le-Oak elibukhoma
Isinyathelo 7: Khetha ibhodi labaqondisi
Ubukhulu kanye nokwakheka kwebhodi kuzoncika emithethweni yesifundazwe kanye nemithetho yenhlangano. Ngokuvamile, amabhodi anamalungu aphakathi kwamathathu nama-31, kanti amaningi awo azimele, okusho ukuthi awahilelekile ngqo enhlanganweni.
Amalungu ebhodi adlala indima ebalulekile: ukuqasha nokuphatha umqondisi omkhulu, ukuvuma isabelomali, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlangano igcina iqotho emsebenzini wayo. Uma abanikazi sebenamalungu ambalwa ebhodi angaba khona, kumele bawavotele ngesikhathi somhlangano, ikakhulukazi uma inhlangano inamalungu.
Ngemva kokuba ibhodi selikhona, abanikazi bangakhetha izikhulu, okuhlanganisa umongameli, iphini likamongameli, unobhala, kanye nomgcinimafa. Lezi zindima zivame ukuhlala cishe unyaka, futhi izikhulu zinesibopho sokuphatha imihlangano yebhodi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo ziyaqaliswa.
Isinyathelo 8: Bhala imithetho kanye nenqubomgomo yokungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo
Imithetho yenhlangano engenzi nzuzo ibeka imithetho yokuthi inhlangano isebenza kanjani, ukuthi izothatha kanjani izinqumo, ikhethe izikhulu, futhi ibambe imihlangano yebhodi. Ngokufanayo, izinqubomgomo zokungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo ziqinisekisa ukuthi izikhulu, amalungu ebhodi, kanye nabasebenzi abasebenzisi inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ukuze bazuze bona. Ibhodi linesibopho sokwamukela lezi zinqubomgomo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi zihlala zisesikhathini.
Isinyathelo 9: Qala umkhankaso wokuqoqa imali
Ezigabeni zokuqala, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo izodinga uhlelo oluqinile lokuqoqa imali nokuthi izovelaphi. Uma abanikazi bengenazo izimali eziqinile kusukela ekuqaleni, kuzoba nzima ukuthi inhlangano yabo ihlale isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze iqale. Ezinye izindlela ezingaba khona zokuthola izimali zifaka phakathi izibonelelo kanye nezisheshisi zokuqala.
Ukufingqa
Uma abanikazi bezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo sebevunyelwe yonke imibhalo yabo esemthethweni futhi umthombo wezimali uvikelekile, bangaqhubeka nokwethulwa kwabo okusemthethweni. Kodwa lokho akupheleli ohambweni. Abanikazi bezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo kumele futhi bamakethe ukwethulwa kwabo kubo bonke abasekeli abangaba khona.
Nakuba ukudala inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ephumelelayo kuzothatha isikhathi esithile, uhlelo lokumaketha olufanele lungasiza ekwenzeni inqubo ibe lula. Isibonelo, izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo ezisheshayo zingafinyelela abanikeli bazo abangaba khona, amathuba azo empumelelo ayanda ngaphezu kokuqaliswa kokuqala. Izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo zingaba umsebenzi omningi, kodwa ngokuqinisekile ziyakufanelekela abantu abanethemba lokwenza umehluko.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-11-2024
